Sprinkler Irrigation Information

1- Usable water holding capacity of soils;
Plants can take advantage of the water in the soil between field capacity and permanent wilting point. The amount of moisture here is called the usable water holding capacity of the soil or the available capacity. (see Table 1)

Soil Structure	Usable Water Holding Capacity
	Limits Mean
Very coarse sand	33-62 40
Coarse sand, fine sand and loamy sand	60-80 70
Coarse grained sandy loam and fine sandy loam	85-125 105
Medium bodied very fine sand loam and loam	125-190 160
Fine-textured clay loam and silty clay loam	145-210 175
Fine grained sandy clay, silty clay and clay	135-210 170
Table 1; Usable water holding capacity of soils.

     2- Effective root depths of plants;
The root depth from which 80% of the water required for the normal development of plants is taken is called "effective root depth". This value constitutes the soil depth to be wetted in irrigation and varies between 30-180 centimeters depending on the plant variety. (see Table 2)

 

Plant Type	Effective Root Depth cm.	Plant Type	Effective Root Depth cm.	Plant Type	Effective Root Depth cm.
Vine	90-180	Spinach	60	Potato	90
Pea	75	Pumpkin	45-60	Aubergine	30-60
Pepper	30-60	Melon	75-90	Onion	90
Strawberry	35-40	Cabbage	45-60	Sorghum	45
Tomato	30-60	Lettuce	30	soybean	75
Artichoke	120	pasture	45	Beet	60-90
Beans	60	Fruit	90-150	Citrus	90-150
Carrot	45-60	Sweetcorn	75	Tobacco	75
Cucumber	45-60	Cotton	120	peanut	45
Cereals	60-70	Potato	60	Clover	90-180
Table 2 ; Effective root depths of plants.

3- Irrigation water requirements for plants;
The irrigation water requirement, which is necessary for the normal development of plants, should be given at certain time intervals and with a certain number of irrigations according to the type of plant. (see Table 3)
 

	Amount of water to be given at one time	Irrigation
Products	(Ha/mm)	(Ha/m3)	Number of Irrigation		Intervals (days)
cereals	100-150	1000-1500	2-3		20-30
Vegetables	20-70	200-700	12-20		5-10
Orchards	70-100	700-1000	4-5		20-25
Nurseries	50-80	500-800	8-10		10-15
Clover	100-125	1000-1250	4-8		20-30
Table 3 ; Irrigation water needs for plants.

 

 

4- Water intake rates of soils (infiltration);
Knowing the water uptake rate of the soil is important in irrigation. The water uptake rate of the soil; Causes such as the structure and structure of the soil, the amount of moisture, the amount of organic matter in the soil, the slope of the land, the vegetation, the compaction and cracking of the soil, the type and amount of salts in the soil and water are effective.